Nthawi zambiri, timagawaniza makina a photovoltaic kukhala machitidwe odziyimira pawokha, makina olumikizidwa ndi gridi ndi machitidwe osakanizidwa.Ngati molingana ndi mawonekedwe a pulogalamu ya solar photovoltaic system, kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi mtundu wa katundu, mphamvu yamagetsi ya photovoltaic imatha kugawidwa mwatsatanetsatane.Machitidwe a photovoltaic angathenso kugawidwa m'magulu asanu ndi limodzi otsatirawa: kachitidwe kakang'ono ka mphamvu ya dzuwa (SmallDC);dongosolo losavuta la DC (SimpleDC);dongosolo lalikulu la dzuwa (LargeDC);AC ndi DC magetsi magetsi (AC/DC);makina olumikizidwa ndi gridi (UtilityGridConnect);Dongosolo lamagetsi la Hybrid (Hybrid);Njira yosakanizidwa yolumikizidwa ndi gridi.Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi makhalidwe a dongosolo lililonse akufotokozedwa pansipa.
1. Dongosolo laling'ono la solar (SmallDC)
Makhalidwe a dongosololi ndikuti pali katundu wa DC okha m'dongosolo ndipo mphamvu yolemetsa ndiyochepa.Dongosolo lonse lili ndi dongosolo losavuta komanso losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi makina apakhomo, zinthu zosiyanasiyana za DC za anthu wamba ndi zida zina zosangalatsa.Mwachitsanzo, mtundu uwu wa photovoltaic system umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kudera lakumadzulo kwa dziko langa, ndipo katunduyo ndi nyali ya DC kuti athetse vuto la kuunikira kunyumba m'madera opanda magetsi.
2. Dongosolo losavuta la DC (SimpleDC)
Makhalidwe a dongosololi ndikuti katundu mu dongosolo ndi katundu wa DC ndipo palibe chofunikira chapadera pa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito katunduyo.Katunduyo amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka masana, kotero palibe batire kapena wolamulira mu dongosolo.Dongosololi lili ndi dongosolo losavuta ndipo lingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji.Zida za Photovoltaic zimapereka mphamvu ku katunduyo, kuthetsa kufunika kosungirako mphamvu ndi kumasulidwa mu batri, komanso kutaya mphamvu kwa wolamulira, ndi kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu.
3 Dongosolo lamphamvu kwambiri la solar (LargeDC)
Poyerekeza ndi machitidwe awiri omwe ali pamwambawa a photovoltaic, photovoltaic system iyi idakali yoyenera kwa magetsi a DC, koma mtundu uwu wa photovoltaic system solar nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mphamvu yaikulu yolemetsa.Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti katunduyo akhoza kuperekedwa modalirika ndi magetsi okhazikika, dongosolo lake logwirizana Sikelo imakhalanso yaikulu, yomwe imafuna gulu lalikulu la photovoltaic module ndi paketi yaikulu ya batri ya dzuwa.Mafomu ake omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo kulankhulana, telemetry, zipangizo zowunikira magetsi, magetsi apakati kumidzi, ma beacon, magetsi a mumsewu, etc. 4 AC, DC power supply system (AC/DC)
Mosiyana ndi machitidwe atatu omwe ali pamwambawa a photovoltaic, photovoltaic system iyi ikhoza kupereka mphamvu kwa DC ndi AC katundu pa nthawi yomweyo.Pankhani yamadongosolo amachitidwe, ili ndi ma inverter ochulukirapo kuposa machitidwe atatu omwe ali pamwambawa osinthira mphamvu ya DC kukhala mphamvu ya AC.Kufunika kwa AC katundu.Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamtundu wamtunduwu kumakhala kokulirapo, kotero kukula kwa dongosololi ndikwambiri.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ena olumikizirana omwe ali ndi katundu wa AC ndi DC ndi magetsi ena opangira magetsi okhala ndi AC ndi DC.
5 makina olumikizidwa ndi gridi (UtilityGridConnect)
Chinthu chachikulu chamtundu woterewu wa solar photovoltaic system ndikuti mphamvu ya DC yopangidwa ndi photovoltaic array imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya AC yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira za gridi yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi inverter yolumikizidwa ndi grid, ndiyeno imagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi intaneti ya mains.Mu dongosolo lolumikizidwa ndi gridi, mphamvu yopangidwa ndi gulu la PV sikuti imangoperekedwa kwa AC Kunja kwa katunduyo, mphamvu yochulukirapo imabwezeretsedwa ku gridi.M'masiku amvula kapena usiku, pamene photovoltaic array sipanga magetsi kapena magetsi opangidwa sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za katundu, zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gridi.
6 Mphamvu yamagetsi ya Hybrid (Hybrid)
Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsa ntchito ma solar photovoltaic module arrays, mtundu uwu wa solar photovoltaic system umagwiritsanso ntchito majenereta a dizilo monga mphamvu yosungira mphamvu.Cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito makina ophatikizira magetsi osakanizidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mozama zabwino zamaukadaulo osiyanasiyana opangira magetsi ndikupewa zofooka zawo.Mwachitsanzo, ubwino wa machitidwe odziimira okha a photovoltaic omwe tatchulidwa pamwambawa ndi osasamalidwa pang'ono, koma choyipa ndi chakuti kutulutsa mphamvu kumadalira nyengo komanso kusakhazikika.Poyerekeza ndi dongosolo limodzi lodziimira palokha, makina osakanikirana omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi a dizilo ndi ma photovoltaic arrays angapereke mphamvu zomwe sizidalira nyengo.Ubwino wake ndi:
1. Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi osakanizidwa kungathenso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu zowonjezera.
2. Ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kwadongosolo.
3. Poyerekeza ndi jenereta ya dizilo yogwiritsira ntchito kamodzi, imakhala ndi chisamaliro chochepa ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa.
4. Mafuta apamwamba kwambiri.
5. Bwino kusinthasintha kwa katundu zofananira.
Dongosolo la hybrid lili ndi zofooka zake:
1. Kuwongolera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
2. Ntchito yoyamba ndi yayikulu.
3. Zimafunika kukonza zambiri kuposa dongosolo loyima.
4. Kuipitsa ndi phokoso.
7. Makina ophatikizika amagetsi osakanizidwa ndi gululi (Hybrid)
Ndi chitukuko chamakampani opangira ma solar optoelectronics, pakhala pali makina ophatikizira magetsi osakanizidwa ndi gridi omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mozama ma module a solar photovoltaic module, mains ndi makina osungira mafuta.Mtundu uwu wa dongosolo nthawi zambiri Integrated ndi Mtsogoleri ndi inverter, ntchito Chip kompyuta kulamulira mokwanira ntchito ya dongosolo lonse, bwinobwino ntchito magwero osiyanasiyana mphamvu kukwaniritsa bwino ntchito boma, ndipo angagwiritsenso ntchito batire kupititsa patsogolo system's load power supply rate rate , monga AES's SMD inverter system.Dongosololi limatha kupereka mphamvu zoyenerera pazonyamula zakomweko ndipo zimatha kugwira ntchito ngati UPS yapaintaneti (magetsi osasokoneza).Ikhozanso kupereka mphamvu ku gululi kapena kupeza mphamvu kuchokera ku gululi.
Njira yogwirira ntchito ya dongosololi nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi mains ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa.Kwa katundu wamba, ngati mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi photovoltaic module ndi yokwanira kwa katunduyo, idzagwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi photovoltaic module kuti ipereke zofuna za katunduyo.Ngati mphamvu yopangidwa ndi photovoltaic module imaposa kufunikira kwa katundu wachangu, mphamvu yowonjezera ikhoza kubwezeredwa ku gridi;ngati mphamvu yopangidwa ndi gawo la photovoltaic sichikwanira, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito idzagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito idzagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka zofunikira za katundu wamba.Pamene mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito katunduyo ndi yocheperapo 60% ya mphamvu zoyendetsera magetsi za SMD inverter, mains adzangowonjezera batire kuti atsimikizire kuti batire ili mu malo oyandama kwa nthawi yaitali;ngati mains akulephera, mphamvu ya mains ikulephera kapena mphamvu ya mains Ngati khalidweli silili oyenerera, dongosololi lidzachotsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndikusinthira kumayendedwe odziimira okha.Batire ndi inverter zimapereka mphamvu ya AC yofunidwa ndi katundu.
Mphamvu ya mains ikabwerera mwakale, ndiye kuti, ma voliyumu ndi ma frequency abwezeretsedwa ku zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, makinawo amachotsa batire ndikusintha kukhala olumikizidwa ndi grid, moyendetsedwa ndi mains.M'makina ena ophatikizira magetsi osakanizidwa a gridi, kuyang'anira kachitidwe, kuwongolera ndi ntchito zopezera deta zithanso kuphatikizidwa mu chipangizo chowongolera.Zigawo zazikuluzikulu za dongosololi ndizowongolera ndi inverter.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-26-2021