Momwe Mphamvu za Dzuwa ndi Zamoyo Zamzinda Zingathe Kukhalira Pamodzi Mokwanira

Ngakhale ma solar akuchulukirachulukira m'mizinda ikuluikulu padziko lonse lapansi, padakali zokambirana zokwanira zokhudzana ndi momwe kukhazikitsidwa kwa solar kungakhudzire moyo ndi kayendetsedwe ka mizinda.N’zosadabwitsa kuti zimenezi zili choncho.Kupatula apo, mphamvu ya dzuwa imawonedwa ngati ukadaulo waukhondo komanso wobiriwira womwe (mofanana) ndi wosavuta kuyiyika, kuyisamalira, komanso kuchita izi m'njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri.Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti kutengeka kwakukulu kwa solar kulibe zovuta zilizonse.

Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuwona kugwiritsidwa ntchito kowonjezereka kwaukadaulo wamagetsi oyendera dzuwa kukupita patsogolo, kumvetsetsa bwino momwe kuyambitsa kwawo pakukhazikitsa mzinda kungapindulire zachilengedwe zam'deralo ndikofunikira, komanso kusamala zovuta zilizonse zomwe zili mderali.Pankhani imeneyi, John H. Armstrong, Andy J. Kulikowski II, ndi Stacy M. Philpottposachedwapa “Mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso zamatauni ndi zachilengedwe: kuphatikiza zomera ndi ma solar okwera pansi kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa arthropod kwamagulu ofunikira kwambiri.”,mu magazini ya Urban Ecosystems international.Wolemba uyu anali wokondwa kwambiri kukumana nayeJohn H. Armstrongpa zokambirana zozungulira bukuli ndi zomwe zapeza.

Zikomo chifukwa cha nthawi yanu, John.Kodi munganene pang'ono za mbiri yanu komanso chidwi ndi ntchitoyi?

Ndine Wothandizira Pulofesa wa Maphunziro a Zachilengedwe pa Yunivesite ya Seattle.Ndimafufuza zakusintha kwanyengo komanso kupanga mfundo zokhazikika, ndikuganizira kwambiri mizinda ndi maboma ena am'deralo.Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana ndi wofunikira kwambiri pothana ndi zovuta zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo ndinali wokondwa kuchita kafukufukuyu ndi olemba anzawo kuti afufuze zotsatira za chilengedwe pakukula kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa m'matauni zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mfundo zanyengo.

Kodi mungapatse owerenga athu "chidule" cha kafukufuku wanu?

Phunziroli, lofalitsidwa muUrban Ecosystems, ndiye woyamba kuyang'ana mphamvu zadzuwa zomwe zili m'tawuni komanso zamoyo zosiyanasiyana.Tidayang'ana kwambiri za malo oimikapo magalimoto adzuwa ndi ma arthropods, omwe amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazachilengedwe zakumidzi, kuyang'ana zomwe zikuchitika komanso mwayi wotetezedwa.Kuchokera ku malo asanu ndi atatu ophunzirira ku San Jose ndi Santa Cruz, California, tapeza kuti kuphatikiza zomera ndi denga ladzuwa kunali kopindulitsa, kuonjezera kuchuluka ndi kulemera kwa arthropods zofunika kwambiri zachilengedwe.Mwachidule,ma solar canopies amatha kukhala opambana pakuchepetsa nyengo komanso magwiridwe antchito achilengedwe, makamaka akaphatikizidwa ndi zomera.

Kodi mungafotokoze mochulukira chifukwa chomwe mbali zake zinasankhidwa, mwachitsanzo chifukwa chiyani utali wa 2km udasankhidwa pamasamba asanu ndi atatu a kafukufukuyu?

Tidawunika malo osiyanasiyana am'deralo ndi mawonekedwe ake monga mtunda wa zomera zapafupi, kuchuluka kwa maluwa, ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira malo ozungulira mtunda wamakilomita awiri.Tinaphatikizanso izi ndi zosintha zina kutengera zomwe maphunziro ena-monga omwe amayang'ana minda ya anthu ammudzi-apeza kuti akhoza kukhala oyendetsa madera a arthropod.

Kwa aliyense amene sanayamikirebe mphamvu za mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa komanso zachilengedwe m'matauni, mukuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kuti amvetsetse kufunika kwake?

Kuteteza zachilengedwe zosiyanasiyana m'matauni ndikofunikira popereka chithandizo chamitundumitundu monga kuyeretsa mpweya.Kuwonjezera apo, mizinda yambiri ili m’madera ochuluka a zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zomwe n’zofunika kwambiri kwa zamoyo zomwe zatsala pang’ono kutha.Pamene mizinda ikutsogola kwambiri pakusintha kwanyengo, ambiri akuyang'ana kupanga magetsi oyendera dzuwa pamalo oimika magalimoto, m'minda, m'mapaki, ndi malo ena otseguka.

Mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso za m'matauni zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri pochepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wotenthetsa dziko lapansi, koma ndikofunikiranso kuganizira zomwe zidzachitike pazachilengedwe komanso zamoyo zosiyanasiyana.Ngati chitukuko chikusokonekera m’mapaki ndi malo ena achilengedwe, kodi zimenezo zingakhale ndi zotsatirapo zotani?Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti mphamvu zadzuwa zomwe zimayikidwa pansi m'malo oimikapo magalimoto zimatha kukhala zopindulitsa pazachilengedwe, makamaka ngati zomera zikuphatikizidwa pansi pamiyendo yadzuwa.Pamapeto pake, zotsatira za chilengedwe za mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa m'matauni ziyenera kuganiziridwa ndipo mwayi wopeza phindu limodzi ngati izi uyenera kufunidwa.

Ndi mavumbulutso ati omwe kafukufukuyu adapeza omwe adakudabwitsani?

Ndinadabwitsidwa ndi kuchuluka komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa nyama zakuthengo zomwe zili pansi pa mazenera oimika magalimoto adzuwa, komanso momwe zomera zimakhudzira posatengera mawonekedwe ena.

Nthawi zambiri, kodi mukuganiza kuti atsogoleri a anthu sakuyenera kumvetsetsa chiyani kapena kuzindikira kufunafuna chitetezo m'mizinda yathu molingana ndi kafukufukuyu?

Nthawi zambiri, kufunikira kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana m'matauni sikudziwika.Pamene mizinda ikuchulukirachulukira komanso anthu ambiri akukhala m’mizinda, kasamalidwe ka zachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwa panthawi yonse yokonzekera mizinda.Nthawi zambiri, pakhoza kukhala mwayi wothandizana nawo.

Kupyolera pa mfundo zake zazikulu, ndi mbali zina ziti zomwe kafukufukuyu angapindule nazo pakumvetsetsa kwathu?

Kafukufukuyu akuphatikiza zochepetsera kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kasungidwe ka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo m’matauni, kusonyeza kuti pali mipata yolumikizitsa ndondomeko ya nyengo, chitukuko cha zachuma m’deralo, ndi kasungidwe ka chilengedwe.Mofananamo, mizinda iyenera kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa zolinga zachitukuko chokhazikika nthawi imodzi ndikufunafuna zopindulitsa.Tikukhulupirira, phunziroli lilimbikitsa kuwunika kowonjezereka kwa kasamalidwe ndi kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi chilengedwe komanso mwayi wotetezedwa pakutukuka kwa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zamatauni.

Pomaliza, zomveka bwino zamtsogolo sizolondola koma kugwiritsa ntchito malo oimikapo magalimoto mu kafukufukuyu kumabweretsa funso lokhudza tsogolo la mizinda yokhudzana ndi magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, kukwera kwa ntchito kuchokera ku zochitika zakunyumba (zikomo mwa zina chifukwa cha coronavirus. ), ndi Co. Kodi mumamva bwanji kusintha kwa momwe timagwiritsira ntchito malo monga malo oimika magalimoto m'tsogolomu chifukwa cha zomwe tatchulazi zingakhudze cholowa chokhalitsa cha kafukufukuyu ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake?

Mizinda ili yodzaza ndi malo akuluakulu osasunthika, omwe amakonda kulumikizidwa ndi zoyipa zachilengedwe.Kaya malo oimikapo magalimoto, malo okwerera mabasi, mabwalo, kapena malo ena ofananirako, madera amenewo angakhale malo abwino oti mulingalirepo kupanga ma sola apansi, ndipo pangakhale phindu lophatikiza zomera.

Zikafika pa tsogolo la mizinda, kuzindikira kwatsopano komwe kumakulitsa kumvetsetsa kwathu momwe tingagwirizanitse bwino dzuwa ndi dzuwa kuyenera kuyamikiridwa, ndipo mwachiyembekezo kukhazikitsidwa ndi okonza mizinda kupita patsogolo.Pamene tikufuna kuona mizinda ya m’tsogolo yomwe ili yaukhondo, yobiriŵira, ndiponso yochuluka yokhala ndi magetsi oyendera dzuwa kudutsa m’misewu, nyumba zosanjikizana, magalimoto oyendera anthu onse, ndi zomangira zina.