Kodi mabatire oyendera dzuwa amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Kusungirako magetsi m'nyumba kwakhala chinthu chodziwika kwambiri cha solar kunyumba. Akafukufuku waposachedwa wa SunPowerm'mabanja oposa 1,500 anapeza kuti pafupifupi 40% ya Amereka amadandaula za kuzimitsa magetsi pafupipafupi. Mwa omwe adafunsidwa akuganizira mozama za dzuwa lanyumba zawo, 70% adati akukonzekera kuphatikiza njira yosungira mphamvu ya batri.

Kupatula kupereka mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera panthawi yozimitsa, mabatire ambiri amaphatikizidwa ndiukadaulo womwe umalola kukonza mwanzeru kulowetsa ndi kutumiza mphamvu. Cholinga chake ndi kukulitsa mtengo wa solar system yapanyumba. Ndipo, mabatire ena amakonzedwa kuti aphatikize chojambulira chagalimoto yamagetsi.

Lipotilo lidawona kukwera kwakukulu kwa ogula omwe akuwonetsa chidwi chosungirako kuti azitha kudzipangira okha magetsi oyendera dzuwa, kutanthauza kutiadatsitsa ma net metering ratesakuletsa kutumizidwa kunja kwa magetsi am'deralo, aukhondo. Pafupifupi 40% ya ogula adanena kuti amadzipangira okha ngati chifukwa chopezera ndalama zosungirako, kuchokera pansi pa 20% mu 2022. Mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera zowonongeka ndi kusungirako pazifukwa zogwiritsira ntchito zidalembedwanso monga zifukwa zazikulu zophatikizira kusungirako mphamvu mu ndemanga.

Mabatire ophatikizidwa m'mapulojekiti okhala ndi dzuwa adakwera pang'onopang'ono mu 2020 ndi 8.1% yamagetsi oyendera dzuwa omwe amakhalamo, malinga ndi a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, ndipo mu 2022 chiwopsezochi chidakwera ndi 17%.

Moyo wa batri

Nthawi zotsimikizira zimatha kupereka mawonekedwe a okhazikitsa ndi omwe amayembekeza opanga moyo wa batri. Nthawi zambiri chitsimikizo nthawi zambiri ndi zaka 10. Thechitsimikizokwa Enphase IQ Battery, mwachitsanzo, imatha zaka 10 kapena 7,300 kuzungulira, chirichonse chimene chimachitika poyamba.

Pulogalamu ya Solar Sunrunadateromabatire akhoza kukhala kulikonse pakati pa zaka 5-15. Izi zikutanthauza kuti m'malo mwake mudzafunika m'malo mwa zaka 20-30 za moyo wa solar.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa batri nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito. Monga zikuwonetseredwa ndi zitsimikizo za malonda a LG ndi Tesla, malire a 60% kapena 70% amavomerezedwa kudzera mu kuchuluka kwa ndalama zolipiritsa.

Zochitika ziwiri zogwiritsira ntchito zimayendetsa kuwonongeka uku: kuchulukitsidwa ndi kutsika mtengo,adatero Faraday Institute. Kuchulukitsitsa ndiko kukankhira mphamvu mu batri yomwe yadzaza kwathunthu. Kuchita izi kungayambitse kutentha kwambiri, kapena kukhoza kugwira moto.

Trickle charge imaphatikizapo njira yomwe batire imayimbidwa mosalekeza mpaka 100%, ndipo kuwonongeka kumachitika. Kudumpha pakati pa 100% ndi pansi pa 100% kumatha kukweza kutentha kwamkati, kuchepetsa mphamvu ndi moyo wonse.

Chifukwa china cha kuwonongeka pakapita nthawi ndi kutayika kwa mafoni a lithiamu-ion mu batri, adatero Faraday. Zomwe zimachitika mu batri zimatha kugwira lithiamu yaulere, potero kutsitsa mphamvu pang'onopang'ono.

Ngakhale kutentha kozizira kumatha kuyimitsa batri ya lithiamu-ion kuti isagwire ntchito, sikutsitsa batire kapena kufupikitsa moyo wake wogwira ntchito. Nthawi yonse ya batri, komabe, imachepa kutentha kwambiri, adatero Faraday. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma elekitirodi omwe amakhala pakati pa ma elekitirodi amawonongeka pakutentha kokwera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti batire itaya mphamvu yake ya Li-ion shuttling. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma Li-ion ma elekitirodi angavomereze mu kapangidwe kake, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya batri ya lithiamu-ion.

Kusamalira

Ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) kukhazikitsa batire pamalo ozizira, owuma, makamaka garaja, pomwe moto umayaka (chiwopsezo chaching'ono, koma chopanda ziro) akhoza kuchepetsedwa. Mabatire ndi zida zowazungulira ziyenera kukhala ndi katalikirana koyenera kuti zizitha kuzizirira, ndipo kuyang'ana nthawi zonse kungathandize kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.

NREL inanena kuti ngati kuli kotheka, pewani kutulutsa mabatire mobwerezabwereza, chifukwa akatulutsidwa, moyo wake umakhala wamfupi. Ngati batire yakunyumba yatsitsidwa kwambiri tsiku lililonse, itha kukhala nthawi yowonjezera kukula kwa banki.

Mabatire otsatizana ayenera kusungidwa pamtengo womwewo, adatero NREL. Ngakhale banki yonse ya batri imatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa ma volts 24, patha kukhala magetsi osiyanasiyana pakati pa mabatire, zomwe sizothandiza kwambiri kuteteza dongosolo lonse pakapita nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, NREL idalimbikitsa kuti ma voliyumu olondola akhazikitsidwe pa ma charger ndi owongolera ma charger, monga momwe wopanga amapangira.

Kuyang'anira kuyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, nawonso, inatero NREL. Zinthu zina zofunika kuziyang'ana ndi monga kutayikira (kumanga kunja kwa batire), milingo yamadzi yoyenera, ndi mphamvu yofanana. NREL idati wopanga batire aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi malingaliro owonjezera, kotero kuyang'ana kukonza ndi ma data pa batri ndi njira yabwino kwambiri.